I need to leave the link which was denied by gtv. No doubt from ai.
The Arctic giant: How Russia dominates the …
Who owns what in the Arctic?
Russia, Canada, the US, Denmark, and Norway – countries bordering the Arctic Ocean – exercise sovereignty over their established land territories and islands, as well as their territorial waters extending up to 12 nautical miles offshore. Coastal states also enjoy exclusive rights to natural resources within a 200-nautical-mile exclusive economic zone.
However, their rights can extend considerably farther if they establish that the seabed beyond this limit forms part of their continental shelf. This is where high-stakes game begins, as countries with rights over an extended continental shelf can exclusively explore and exploit its oil, gas, and mineral resources.